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Sugar is a solid. It’s not a gas or liquid. Cement is a liquid mixture of solids.
No, I don’t think sugar will have enough time to diffuse through Cement without actually mixing it in. If you poor sugar on top of poured cement it may diffuse a bit, but not throughout the whole thing.
Cement doesn’t even flow like water for the most part.
Again, not an expert, I understand basic physics and the properties of things. I could be wrong.
I don’t think the effects will be seen in a decent amount of time for the effort involved.