I asked this question recently, unfortunately it did not get me closer to an actionable answer. Of course clothes get damaged and stuff is in the lint drawer, but it is a huge difference between losing the longevity by a 1% and 30%. Any actual research would be tremendously helpful.
Personal study from memory: I have t-shirts that have always been washer/dryer treated. Depending on the quality of fabric most have fallen apart in a few to 10 yrs, though I do have like 4 that are 30 yrs old