I asked this question recently, unfortunately it did not get me closer to an actionable answer. Of course clothes get damaged and stuff is in the lint drawer, but it is a huge difference between losing the longevity by a 1% and 30%. Any actual research would be tremendously helpful.
I don’t have a study, but the tumbling and rubbing wears on clothes, compared to hanging to dry.
Some good shirts you will notice the collar seams and other edges start to wear.
In some cases like jeans and cotton cashual henley style shirts this gives a softening effect.